Airline Reservation System - Java Project

Description of the Project:-


The web based “airline reservation system” project is an attempt to stimulate the basic concepts of airline reservation system. The system enables the customer to do the things such as search for airline flights for two travel cities on a specified date, choose a flight based on the details, reservation of flight and cancellation of reservation.

The system allows the airline passenger to search for flights that are available between the two travel cities, namely the “Departure city” and “Arrival city” for a particular departure and arrival dates. The system displays all the flight’s details such as flight no, name, price and duration of journey etc.

After search the system display list of available flights and allows customer to choose a particular flight. Then the system checks for the availability of seats on the flight. If the seats are available then the system allows the passenger to book a seat. Otherwise it asks the user to choose another flight.

To book a flight the system asks the customer to enter his details such as name, address, city, state, credit card number and contact number. Then it checks the validity of card and book the flight and update the airline database and user database. The system also allows the customer to cancel his/her reservation, if any problem occurs.

The main purpose of this software is to reduce the manual errors involved in the airline reservation process and make it convenient for the customers to book the flights as when they require such that they can utilize this software to make reservations, modify reservations or cancel a particular reservation.

1.2 SCOPE

The name of the software is “AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM”. This software provides options for viewing different flights available with different timings for a particular date and provides customers with the facility to book a ticket, modify or cancel a particular reservation but it does not provide the customers with details of cost of the ticket and it does not allow the customer to modify a particular part of his reservation and he/she can modify all his details.

1.3 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ARS-Airline Reservation System
LAN-Local Area Network
GUI-Graphical User Interface
OS-Operating System
RAM-Random Access Memory
MB-Mega Bytes
GB-Giga Bytes
Mbps-Mega bits per second
HDD-Hard Disk Drive

1.4 REFERENCES

The books and materials referred during the pre-development stages of the project include 1. Software Engineering-A Practitioner’s Approach

1.By Roger S. Pressman

2. Software Engineering-By James Peters

1.5 OVERVIEW

The rest of the document deals about all the main features of this software each will its purpose and its main functions. It also gives details about the interface with other products and related functionality of each product.

2. OVERALL DESCRIPTION

2.1 PRODUCT PERSPECTIVE

The “ARS” software is an independent application. It is a self-contained product. The system interfaces, user interfaces and hardware interfaces related with this software are defined as follows.

2.1.1 System Interfaces

The client systems should be able to share the data available in the data base through the network connection.

2.1.2 User Interfaces

The screen formats and menu structure should be in such a way that even have users will find it easy to use. The product must be use-friendly and very inter-active. The functionality provided by the system like displaying error messages should adapt itself to the different users of the software.

2.1.3 Hardware Interfaces

2.1.4 Software Interfaces

Name of the language: Visual Basics

2.1.5 Communication Interfaces

There is an LAN used for communication among the different client systems to be used.

2.1.6 Memory Constraints

The system would require disk space of 10 GB and a 256 MB HDD and 64 MB RAM for client systems.

2.1.7 Operation

The users can first make a reservation in a particular flight for a particular date and time. The system provides the customer with a pin code which gives him access to either make any changes in his reservation or cancel a reservation. These must also be back up of data to enable any easy recovery from any features.

2.1.8 Site Adaptive Requirements

The “ARS” software is an independent and self-contained product and no modification are required to adapt to a particular installation.

2.2 PRODUCT FUNCTIONS

The major functions include

• Providing flight details

• Flight bookings for a particular destination, date and time and also providing with a pin code.

• Allowing the customer to modify or cancel his reservation provided the correct pin code is given.

• Displaying a report of the number of people flying in a particular flight.

2.3 USER CHARACTERISTICS


No technical experience is required basic knowledge of handling system is sufficient.

2.4 CONSTRAINTS

• Regulatory policies: It is a mandatory that no text book must be left empty or contains insufficient data.

• Hardware limitations: There must be a 64 MB on board memory

• Control functions: The software must be very user-friendly and display appropriate error messages.

• Interfaces to other applications: Not applicable.

• Parallel operations: It must support many users simultaneously.

• Reliability requirements: Data redundancy and use of special/blank characters must be avoided.

• Safety/security considerations: The application must be exited always normally.

• Higher order language requirements: VB

2.5 ASSUMPTIONS AND DEPENDENCIES

It is assumed that the details of the cost of ticket are already known to the customer. Future changes like providing different types of flights with different classes like business class, economic class will allow the customers to benefit from one facility.

2.6 APPORTIONING OF REQUIREMENTS

The necessity of providing options to customer to choose their seat or to choose for economic or business class can be delayed until future versions of the software are developed

3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

3.1 EXTERNAL INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1 User Interfaces

The interface must be easy to understand. The user interface includes • SCREEN FORMATS/ORGANIZATION: The introductory screen will be the first to be displayed which will allow the users to choose either of the two options, viewing flight detail or booking a ticket.

• WINDOW FORMAT/ORGANIZATION: When the user chooses some other option, then the information pertaining to that choice will be displayed in a new window which ensures multiple windows to be visible on the screen and the users can switch between them.

• DATA FORMAT: The data entered by the users will be alpha numeric.

• END MESSAGES: When there are some exceptions raising error like entering invalid details, then error messages will be displayed prompting the users to re-enter the details.

What is JAVA ?

Java is an entire programming language resembling C or C++. It takes a sophisticated programmer to create Java code. And it requires a sophisticated programmer to maintain it. With Java, you can create complete applications. Or you can attach a small group of instructions, a Java "applet" that improves your basic HTML. A Java Applet can also cause text to change color when you roll over it. A game, a calendar, a scrolling text banner can all be created with Java Applets. There are sometimes compatibility problems between Java and various browsers, operating systems or computers, and if not written correctly, it can be slow to load. Java is a powerful programming language with excellent security, but you need to be aware of the tradeoffs.

What is JSP ?

Short for Java Server Page. A server-side technology, Java Server Pages are an extension to the Java servlet technology that was developed by Sun. JSPs have dynamic scripting capability that works in tandem with HTML code, separating the page logic from the static elements -- the actual design and display of the page -- to help make the HTML more functional(i.e. dynamic database queries). A JSP is translated into Java servlet before being run, and it processes HTTP requests and generates responses like any servlet. However, JSP technology provides a more convenient way to code a servlet. Translation occurs the first time the application is run. A JSP translator is triggered by the .jsp file name extension in a URL. JSPs are fully interoperable with servlets. You can include output from a servlet or forward the output to a servlet, and a servlet can include output from a JSP or forward output to a JSP. JSPs are not restricted to any specific platform or server. It was orignially created as an alternative to Microsoft's ASPs (Active Server Pages). Recently, however, Microsoft has countered JSP technology with its own ASP.NET, part of the .NET initiative.

What is JavaScript ?

When new technologies start, they sometimes acquire names that will be confusing in the future. That's the case with JavaScript. JavaScript is not 'Java'. JavaScript is a simple programming language that was developed by Netscape that writes commands to your browser when the HTML page is loaded. Note: you can have compatibility issues with Java Script, especially in newer versions of Browsers.

What is Java:

Java is a simple, distributed object oriented programming language which provides the security, High performance, robustness.

Java is a portable and Architectural neutral language which can be Interpreted.

Java is multithreaded and Dynamic language.

About Java:

Java is a Programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java Platform. The language derives much of its Syntax from c and C++ but has a simpler object Model and fewer low-level facilities. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode(class file) that can run on any Java Virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.

Why Software Developers Choose Java:

Java with its versatilty, efficiency, and portability, Java has become invaluable to developers by enabling them to:

• Write software on one platform and run it on virtually any other platform

• Create programs to run within a Web browser and Web services

• Develop server-side applications for online forums, stores, polls, HTML forms processing, and more

• Combine applications or services using the Java language to create highly customized applications or services

• Write powerful and efficient applications for mobile phones, remote processors, low-cost consumer products, and practically any other device with a digital heartbeat.

G:oals in creation of Java

There were five primary goals in the creation of the Java language

1. It should be "simple, object oriented".

2. It should be "robust and secure".

3. It should be "architecture neutral and portable".

4. It should execute with "high performance".

5. It should be "interpreted, threaded, and dynamic".

Architecture of Java:

Java's architecture arises out of four distinct but interrelated technologies:

• The Java programming language

• The Java class file format

• The Java Application Programming Interface

• The Java virtual machine

When you write and run a Java program, you are tapping the power of these four technologies. You express the program in source files written in the Java programming language, compile the source to Java class files, and run the class files on a Java virtual machine. When you write your program, you access system resources (such as I/O, for example) by calling methods in the classes that implement the Java Application Programming Interface, or Java API. As your program runs, it fulfills your program's Java API calls by invoking methods in class files that implement the Java API.

The Java Virtual Machine

At the heart of Java's network-orientation is the Java virtual machine, which supports all three prongs of Java's network-oriented architecture: platform independence, security, and network-mobility.

A Java virtual machine's main job is to load class files and execute the bytecodes they contain. As you can see in Figure 1-3, the Java virtual machine contains a class loader, which loads class files from both the program and the Java API. Only those class files from the Java API that are actually needed by a running program are loaded into the virtual machine. The bytecodes are executed in an execution engine.

Coding standard

Java suggests set of coding standard to follow while writing java program. Coding standard helps author as well as others to better understand program. It reduce amount of debugging time considerably. Basically coding standard suggests how to name class, methods variables of different scope, package etc.

Writing a Java program

In the Java programming language, all source code is first written in plain text files ending with the .java extension. Those source files are then compiled into .class files by the javac compiler. A .class file does not contain code that is native to your processor; it instead contains bytecodes — the machine language of the Java Virtual Machine1 (Java VM). The java launcher tool then runs your application with an instance of the Java Virtual Machine.

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